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部署LVS高可用集群

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一、lvs+keepalived高可用集群部署

案例需求

部署基于LVS DR模式的web高可用集群,实现:

  • 实现数据服务器容错
  • 实现分发器故障切换
  • 任何机器宕机不中断web业务

实验环境

六台安装CentOS8的虚拟机一台测试机,两台LVS分发器,一台路由器,两台web服务器,关闭selinux关闭防火墙,停止libvirtd.service服务

角色名称 接口名称 IP地址
client ens33 192.168.1.200
route ens33,ens160 192.168.1.1,192.168.2.1
lvs1 ens33 192.168.2.200,192.168.2.100(VIP)
lvs2 ens33 192.168.2.150,192.168.2.100(VIP)
rs1 ens33,lo:0 192.168.2.220,192.168.2.100(VIP)
rs2 ens33,lo:0 192.168.2.210,192.168.2.100(VIP)

实验拓扑图

image20200205130755595.png

实验步骤

a、配置客户端

ens33=192.168.1.200 [root@client ~]# route add default gw 192.168.1.1

b、设置路由

ens33=192.168.1.1 ens160=192.168.2.1 [root@route ~]# echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

c、设置RS的VIP、网关、内核参数

RS1 [root@rs1 ~]# route add default gw 192.168.2.1 [root@rs1 ~]# ifconfig lo:0 192.168.2.100 netmask 255.255.255.255 up [root@rs1 ~]# echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore [root@rs1 ~]# echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce RS2 [root@rs2 ~]# route add default gw 192.168.2.1 [root@rs2 ~]# ifconfig lo:0 192.168.2.100 netmask 255.255.255.255 up [root@rs2 ~]# echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore [root@rs2 ~]# echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce 安装web服务,生成测试页面 RS1 [root@rs1 ~]# dnf install httpd -y [root@rs1 ~]# echo "rs1" > /var/www/html/index.html [root@rs1 ~]# systemctl start httpd.service RS2 [root@rs2 ~]# dnf install httpd -y [root@rs2 ~]# echo "rs2" > /var/www/html/index.html [root@rs2 ~]# systemctl start httpd.service

d、设置LVS

### LVS1 安装软件包,修改配置文件 [root@lvs1 ~]# dnf install ipvsadm keepalived -y [root@lvs1 ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf ! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs { router_id lvs_1 } vrrp_instance apache { state MASTER interface ens33 virtual_router_id 51 priority 100 advert_int 1 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.2.100/24 } } virtual_server 192.168.2.100 80 { delay_loop 6 lb_algo rr lb_kind DR nat_mask 255.255.255.0 # persistence_timeout 50 protocol TCP real_server 192.168.2.210 80 { weight 1 TCP_CHECK { connect_timeout 3 connect_port 80 } } real_server 192.168.2.220 80 { weight 1 TCP_CHECK { connect_timeout 3 connect_port 80 } } } ### 重启keepalived服务 [root@lvs1 ~]# systemctl start keepalived.service ### 使用ip add命令查看所设置的VIP是否被设置 [root@lvs1 ~]# ip add 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:6d:1c:b3 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.2.200/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global noprefixroute ens33 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet 192.168.2.100/24 scope global secondary ens33 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::474:99dd:c899:455f/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever ### LVS2 安装软件包,修改配置文件 [root@lvs2 ~]# dnf install ipvsadm keepalived -y [root@lvs2 ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf ! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs { router_id lvs_1 } vrrp_instance apache { state BACKUP interface ens33 virtual_router_id 51 priority 10 advert_int 1 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.2.100/24 } } virtual_server 192.168.2.100 80 { delay_loop 6 lb_algo rr lb_kind DR nat_mask 255.255.255.0 # persistence_timeout 50 protocol TCP real_server 192.168.2.210 80 { weight 1 TCP_CHECK { connect_timeout 3 connect_port 80 } } real_server 192.168.2.220 80 { weight 1 TCP_CHECK { connect_timeout 3 connect_port 80 } } } ### 重启keepalived服务 [root@lvs2 ~]# systemctl start keepalived.service

e、客户端测试

### 客户端验证分发 [root@client ~]# elinks http://192.168.2.100 --dump rs1 [root@client ~]# elinks http://192.168.2.100 --dump rs2 ### 停止lvs1的keepalived服务 验证分发器故障切换 [root@lvs1 ~]# systemctl stop keepalived.service 使用ip add命令查看VIP是否被释放 [root@lvs1 ~]# ip add 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:6d:1c:b3 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.2.200/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global noprefixroute ens33 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::474:99dd:c899:455f/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 切换到lvs2查看VIP是否被设置 [root@lvs2 ~]# ip add 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:5c:a0:66 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.2.150/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global noprefixroute ens33 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet 192.168.2.100/24 scope global secondary ens33 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::5726:cbb9:c37b:d898/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 切换到客户端测试 [root@client ~]# elinks http://192.168.2.100 --dump rs1 [root@client ~]# elinks http://192.168.2.100 --dump rs2 ### 停止RS1数据服务器查看数据服务器容错 [root@rs1 ~]# systemctl stop httpd 切换到客户端测试:用户只能访问到RS1的页面 [root@client ~]# elinks http://192.168.2.100 --dump rs1 [root@client ~]# elinks http://192.168.2.100 --dump rs1

提示:使用tcpdump命令可以看到vrrp的相关信息发送信息,深度理解VRRP协议

[root@lvs1 ~]# tcpdump -nn -vvv vrrp
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