微信公众号-公众号推广

一、生成二维码

为了满足用户渠道推广分析和用户帐号绑定等场景的需要，公众平台提供了生成带参数二维码的接口。使用该接口可以获得多个带不同场景值的二维码，用户扫描后，公众号可以接收到事件推送

目前有2种类型的二维码：

• 临时二维码

  有过期时间的，最长可以设置为在二维码生成后的30天（即2592000秒）后过期，但能够生成较多数量。临时二维码主要用于帐号绑定等不要求二维码永久保存的业务场景

• 永久二维码

  无过期时间的，但数量较少（目前为最多10万个）。永久二维码主要用于适用于帐号绑定、用户来源统计等场景

生成二维码的步骤：

1. 获取access_token
2. 创建二维码ticket
3. 凭借ticket到指定URL换取二维码

创建二维码ticket：

原理：对微信服务器发起POST请求，得到ticket值

请求URL：https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/qrcode/create?access_token=TOKEN

请求方式：POST

正确的返回值说明

{"ticket":"gQH47joAAAAAAAAAASxodHRwOi8vd2VpeGluLnFxLmNvbS9xL2taZ2Z3TVRtNzJXV1Brb3ZhYmJJAAIEZ23sUwMEmm
3sUw==","expire_seconds":60,"url":"http://weixin.qq.com/q/kZgfwMTm72WWPkovabbI"}

myApp/urls.py

from django.urls import path, re_path
from myApp import views

urlpatterns = [
    path(r'index/', views.index),
    path(r'weixin/', views.weixin),
    path(r'access/', views.access),
    path(r'menu/', views.menu),
    path(r'dlmenu/', views.menu),
    path(r'empower/', views.empower),
    path(r'auth/', views.auth),
    re_path(r'qrcode/(\d+)/$', views.qrcode),
]

myApp/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse, redirect
from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt

import hashlib
import xmltodict
import time
import json
import requests

from myApp.accessToken import AccessToken

def index(request):
    pass
def responseXML(ToUserName, FromUserName, MsgType, **kwargs):
    pass
@csrf_exempt
def weixin(request):
    pass
def access(request):
    pass
def menu(request):
    pass
def empower(request):
    pass
def auth(request):
    pass
  
  
# 获取二维码
def qrcode(request, info):
    # 获取access_token
    access_token = AccessToken.getAccessToken("client_credential", "wxffde55b11cc79754", "84e86527f090d6238ea1c0b96f5fc753")

    # 获取ticket
    url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/qrcode/create?access_token=%s" % (access_token)
    data = {
        "expire_seconds": 604800,
        "action_name": "QR_SCENE",
        "action_info": {
            "scene": {
                "scene_id": int(info)
            }
        }
    }
    data = json.dumps(data)
    res = requests.post(url, data, "json")
    resDict = json.loads(res.content)

    if resDict.get("ticket"):
        ticket = resDict.get("ticket")
        
		# 通过ticket换取二维码
    qrcodeurl = "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/showqrcode?ticket=%s" % (ticket)

    return HttpResponse("<img src='%s' />"%(qrcodeurl))

浏览器测试：

二、扫描二维码

用户扫描带场景值二维码时，可能推送以下两种事件：

1. 如果用户还未关注公众号，则用户可以关注公众号，关注后微信会将带场景值关注事件推送给开发者
2. 如果用户已经关注公众号，则微信会将带场景值扫描事件推送给开发者

• 用户还未关注公众号

  xml数据包

  <xml>
  <ToUserName><![CDATA[toUser]]></ToUserName>
  <FromUserName><![CDATA[FromUser]]></FromUserName>
  <CreateTime>123456789</CreateTime>
  <MsgType><![CDATA[event]]></MsgType>
  <Event><![CDATA[subscribe]]></Event>
  <EventKey><![CDATA[qrscene_sunck]]></EventKey>
  <Ticket><![CDATA[TICKET]]></Ticket>
  </xml>
  

• 用户已经关注公众号

  xml数据包

  <xml>
  <ToUserName><![CDATA[toUser]]></ToUserName>
  <FromUserName><![CDATA[FromUser]]></FromUserName>
  <CreateTime>123456789</CreateTime>
  <MsgType><![CDATA[event]]></MsgType>
  <Event><![CDATA[SCAN]]></Event>
  <EventKey><![CDATA[SCENE_VALUE]]></EventKey>
  <Ticket><![CDATA[TICKET]]></Ticket>
  </xml>
  

from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse, redirect
from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt

import hashlib
import xmltodict
import time
import json
import requests

from myApp.accessToken import AccessToken

def index(request):
    pass
def responseXML(ToUserName, FromUserName, MsgType, **kwargs):
    pass

@csrf_exempt
def weixin(request):
    if request.method == "GET":
        pass
    else:
        pass

        if MsgType == "text":
            pass
        elif MsgType == "event":
            pass
            if Event == "subscribe":
                # 验证FromUserName是否关注过，没关注过则认为是新客户，否则就是刷关注
                print("--------------------FromUserName:", FromUserName)
                # 业务逻辑
                resXml = responseXML(FromUserName, ToUserName, "text",
                                     Content="欢迎光临红浪漫，三楼男宾一位（EventKey：%s）" % (EventKey))
                return HttpResponse(resXml)
            elif Event == "SCAN":
                # 业务逻辑
                resXml = responseXML(FromUserName, ToUserName, "text",
                                     Content="列队欢迎尊敬的红浪漫会员贵宾上三楼（EventKey：%s）" % (EventKey))
                return HttpResponse(resXml)
            elif Event == "unsubscribe":
                # 业务逻辑
                print("--------------------FromUserName:", FromUserName)
                return HttpResponse("")
            elif Event == "CLICK":
                pass
            elif Event == "VIEW":
                pass
        elif MsgType == "image":
            pass
        elif MsgType == "voice":
            pass
        else:
            pass

def access(request):
    pass
def menu(request):
    pass
def empower(request):
    pass
def auth(request):
    pass
def qrcode(request, info):
    pass

扫描带参二维码：

扫描关注二维码：